Universal chuck.



'n. H'EGGIE.

UNIVERSAL CHUCK.

AP'PucAnoN FILED JULY 14. 1914.

Patented Am. 31, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WITNESSES I INVENTOF! DAVID HEGGIE, or LORAIN, 01110, .assrelvon ToNATIONAL Turn COMPANY, or PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION or NEWJERSEY.

UNIVERSAL CHUCK.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Aug. 311, 1915,,

Application filed July 14, 1914i. Serial No. 850,899.

To aZZwh-Om it may concern: I

Be it known that 1, DAVID Ensure, a citizen of the United States, andresident of Lorain, in the county of Lorain and State of Qhio, haveinvented a new and useful Universal Chuck, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates tothe class of apparatus or tools known as chucksand employed in gripping andholding articles while the articles arebeing machined or finished and, while not restricted to such use, moreparticularly relates to chucks forming part of pipe threading machinesand usedin grip ping the pipes, or equivalent tubes, duringthe'thread'cutting operations by which the ends of the pipes or tubesare threaded.

@ne object of my invention is to provide a universal chuck having novelmeans whereby the chuck jaws are actuated in the jaw opening and closingmovements necessary in gripping. pipes and tubes in the pipe threadingoperations.

Anotherobject of my invention is to provide a universal chuck ofimproved con? and chuck operating mechanism constructed and arranged,and applied for use thereonin accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 isanend elevation, partly in section of'the apparatus shown in Fig. 1.Fig. 3 is an end elevation ,partly in section showing a modified andpreferred form of construction in which the friction band s forming partof the apparatus are power. actuated, instead of being operated manuallyas in theapparatus of Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. 4 is a detail sectional sideelevation of the apparatus shown in Fig; 3, the section being taken onthe line IVIV of Fig. 3. v i v In Figs. 1 and '2 of the accompanyingdrawings, the numeral 2 designates the housing or frame of a pipethreading ma. chine, having a base 3 by which it is mounted a suitablefoundation. The housing is provided on one side with a horizontallyprojecting shelf 4 having shears or ways 5 thereon for the horizontally.sliding carriage 6 on whichthe pipe threading dies are adjustablymounted. In the form of ap-' paratus shown in these figures, the-threadcutting dies are removably secured on the sliding carriage 6, which isarranged to-be adjusted on the ways 5, toward and away from the chuck,-a hand wheel 7. being employed to actuate a pinion on a shaft whichv1n,-turn mesheswith a rack on the carriage 6 in adjusting'the carriage,to bring the end' of the pipes held in position by the chuck intoengagement with the thread cutting dies.

. The. rack and pinion construction not formshow-n or ing part of thisinvention is not further described.-

Rotatably mounted in bearings 8, 8,"on the housing 2 of the threadingmachine, :is a hollow spindle forming the barrel =9, this barrel havingan axial opening lfla throu-gh which the pipes 11 extend while beingthreaded, the pipe end to be threaded projecting beyond the endof theshaft 9 so asto permit engagement thereof by the .threading dies on thecarriage 6. Bolted or 0ther-- Wise secured to the integral flange 12 onthe barrel 9 is a spur. gear .13 by which the barrel is positivelyrotated. The teeth of the gear 13 are in mesh with the'teeth of the spurpinion 14:, which is rotatably mounted on the pin or shaft 15,this shaftbeing secured at one end inthe opening inthe boss 16 and -the'other endbeing supported in the opening inthe boss 17 whichform part'of thethreading machine'housing 2. The pinion 14: is provided with a hubportion 18 on which a spur. gear-19 is keyed 'or otherwise fastened toturn therewith and the teethof the gear 19 are in mesh with the teeth ofthe spur pinion 20 on the armature shaft'2l of the driving motor 22. Themotor 22, as shown, isconveniently mounted on the support 23 formed forthat purpose on the top of the housing or'frame 2 of the pipe threadingmachine. Obviously however, the

motor 22 maybe otherwise located and con ne'cted by suitable slow: downgears to the barrel 9 within the spirit of my invention.

[Thebarrel 9 also has flanges 2 1, 25, on its ends and bolted orotherwise secured to the flange 2 4:, on the rear end of the barrel, so

as to rotate therewith, is thehead or carrier 26 for thediiierefitialgearing by which the 'grippingjaws '27 of the grippingmechanism'are moved into and out of'pipe gripping position.

I extending through each of the nuts 30 is a screw threaded spindle 31.The unthreaded outer ends of the spindles 31 project through openings inthe annular flange 33 forming part of the carrier 26 which rotates withthe carrier and a bevel pinion 34 is keyed or otherwise secured to theprojectin 0' end of each of the spindles 31, .the rear end of 'thespindles projecting into the bearings 35 therefor, formed by the bushedradial openings in the ring 36 of the carrier, the

rin 36 as shown, being an integral part of an rotating with the carrier26. Secured on the sides of the carrier 26 are the ring gears 37 and 38,these gears having bevel teeth39, 40, which mesh with the teethof thebevel pinions 34 on theputer ends of the spindles 31 so as to rotatethese spindles.

Each of the.two ring gears,,37 and 38, is

provided with a cylindrical portion forming a friction or'grippingsurface 41 or 42 for.

the friction bands 43 and 44. The friction bands encircle'the ring gears37 and 38 and one end of the band 43. is fastened to the horizontallyextending arm of the bell crank ,44 and the other end thereof isadjustably secured by a sleeve nut 45 to the swinging end of thevertically extending arm of the -bell crank 44, this bell crank beingem-' .ployed to move theband 43 into andout of gripping position on theband surface-41.

e horizontal arm of the bell crank also is connected, at its outer end,by a link 46 to the foot lever 47 by which the friction band 43 isactuated, this lever being pivoted at one end to the pivot stand 48 forthe bell crank and extending beneath the head or carrier 26, a pedal 49being provided on its outer end for the foot of the operator. The 1 jfriction band 44 on the friction surface 42 of the other ring gear 38 isconnected at one end to the horizontally extending arm of a.

bell crank in the same manner as has been described and the verticallyextending arm of this bell crank is connected by a link to theoperatinglever 50, which extends beneath the carrier 26 and has a pedal 51 on itsouter end, by which it is pressed by the foot of'the operator.

Referring now to the modified construction shown in Figs. 3 and 4, inwhich similar parts are designated with the same numerals as in Figs. 1and 2. This apparatus, being in-saris actuated by power means, isparticularly adapted for use on the larger sizes of threading machines,although, also capable of use with machines of any. size. The barrel 9is mounted in bearings on the housing 2 and is driven in the mannershown in Figs. 1 and 2 by a motor'22. The head or carrier 26 for thedifferential gearing employed in actuating the gripping jaws 27 issecured on the flange 24-on one end of the barrel 9, and, like thatshown in Figs. 1 and 2, is'provided with a series of three radiallyextending recesses in each of which a grip block 29 having a grippingjaw 27 detachably secured thereon is mounted. The grip blocks 29 areconnected to the spindles 31in the same manner as in Figs. 1- and 2 butin this construction thebevel gears 34 are formed integrally on the endof the spindles 31. The outer ends of the spindles 31 project intohushed openings 35 in the ring 36 forming -42, for the friction bands43, 44. The friction'bands encircle the ring gears 37 and 38 and areconnected to the ends of the arms of hell cranks 44 in the same'manneras in Figs. 1 and'2 but in the apparatus of Figs.

3' and 4 the bell cranks 44 are keyed or otherwise fastened to shafts 53carried in the brackets 54 which are formed on the casing 55. Theseshafts have lever arms 56, 57, thereon,the outer swinging ends of whichare arranged to engage with opposite ends of the piston rod 59 in thefluid pres- 5 sure'cylinder 60 which is mounted on top of the casing'55surrounding the carrier 26 and fastened to the side of the housing 2.The piston rod 59 has a piston 61 at an intermediate point in its lengthso that the cylinder 60 in which it is mounted is double acting. vPortsin the opposite ends of the cylinder are connected by pipes 62,63,through a suitable operating valve, (not shown), with a source of fluidpressure, and the heads 64 5 of'the'cylinderthrough which the oppositeends of the piston rod project are provided with the usual stuflingboxes 65 and glands 67.

By reference to Fig. 3 it will be seen that the part of the. piston rod59 on the left hand of the piston 61 is of smaller diameter than that onthe right hand side of the pistightly gripped by the friction band thanthe other gear used for tightening the gripping jaws, as is necessary inpractice. l

. An antifriction roller 68 is mounted by means of an adjustable bracket69 on the 30 side of the casing 55 to support the pipes when beingplaced in between the gripping jaws 27 in position to be engagedthereby.

In the operation of my improved app aderstood that by varying thethickness of the jaws or distance between the dovetailed side and theserrated pipe gripping side thereof, that pipes of a variety of sizesare atofcourse diflerenttimes, readily fastened 7 in the chuck. Thepipell is then inserted in place within the barrel 9 with the endthereof to be threaded projecting beyond the end of the barrel, in the.position shown in Fig. 1. The motor 22 is then started to operate which,through the gears 13, 14, 19

and 20 ositively rotates the barrel 9 and the chuc head or carrier 26 onthe rear end of this barrel. When the pedal levers 47 and 50, are in theposition shown, their -own weight acts to 'move the bell cranksconnected to'the respective levers 'to extend the friction bands 43, and44'and holds them] loosely in contact on the friction gripplng surfaces41, 42, of the annular ring gears 37, 38. After the pipe l1- is insertedin place as shown, the operator will tread on the pedal 49 on-the outerend of the lever 47. This causes the friction band 43 connected tothislever to tightly engage the friction surface 41 of the ring gear 37and hold this [ring gear so as to prevent its rotating with the head orcarrier 26. Meantime the head i "or carrier continues to rotate. rThenow stationary ring'gear '37 will cause the bevel pinions which movewith the carrier to rotate and, through the spindles 31 von the carrier,to which the pinions are keyed or otherwise secured, move the grippingblocks 29 ways 5, by turning the wheel 7 so asto bring: the threadingdies into engagement with the end of the rotating pipe and cut thethreads on the pipe in the'u'sual: lmown manner.

When a thread of sutlicient length has been cut on the end of the pipe,the threading dies are retracted so as to clear the threads and thecarriage 6 is then moved 'backwardly until again in the position shownin' Fig. 1 The operator then presses the pedal 51 on the other footlever 50 and thereby tightens the.

friction band 44 connected to thislever and extending around thefriction or gripping surface 42 of the ring ear 38 on the opposite side,of the ohuc head or .carrier. Tightening of the friction band 44' onthe ring gear 38 holds this ring against rotation and when so held thebevel gear teeth 40 on the ring \gear 38 which mesh with the 'teeth ofthe bevel pinions 34 cause these [pinions to rotate in a counterclockwise direction and turn the adjusting spindles31 in the carrier.l/Vhen turned in this direction the spindles 31 back of]? or retract thegripping blocks 29 and gripping jaws 27 attached thereto so as toreleasethe pipe 11 which has been held therebetween. The pipe 11 is then movedendwise until clear of the chuck on the end of the threading machine.Another unthreaded pipe is then moved into the position shown in Fig.1,- to replace the one just removed and when this is done the operationswhich have just been described are againrepeated. The above describedoperations are then carried out with successive pipes in cutting thethread on one end of the pipe.

When but one threading machine is'employed to thread bothends of thepipe, the pipes will be turned end for end in pro viding the thread onthe last threaded end of the pipes. A more convenient arrangement willbe to employtwo threading ma-. chines'located-at a distance apartslightly greater than the length of the longest pipes made. 4

In the operation of the apparatus of Figs.

3 and 4 the pipesare gripped by the jaws 27; These jaws are actuatedthrough the the ring gears are held against rotation by the frictionbands 43, 44, in the same manner asin the apparatus of Figs. l and 2.The friction bands in this construction are actuated by means of thefluid pressure cylinder 60 and piston 61 so that instead of tighteningthe hands by treading on the end of a lever, the operator moves thevalve con-Q nected to the pipes 62 and 63 into the re quired position toadmit fluid pressure to" the cylinder on the desired side of the piston61 d which moves the required friction band an the bell cranks '44 torelease the otherband. During the pipe threading operations the 6 andthe piston 61' moves into a substantially central position'so that-bothof the friction bands 43 and 44 are loose and the .ring gears 37 and 38rotate with the carrier 26. r

The advantages of-my invention will be appreciated by those skilledinthe art. Tn-

by the same movement, actuates one of fluid pressure is shutoff from thecylinder I placing and holding his footon the proper pedal'or moving avalve into the proper position to cause the gripping" jawsto be movedinto or out o holding engagement with the pipe. The apparatus is simpleand is easily kept in repair. I

Modifications 'in the construction and arraiigement of the parts may bemade without departing from my invention.' The manner of driving therotating mechanism may be changed, the chuck may be applied tpnpltheruses than to a pipe threading maradially movable relatively adjustablegripping jaws on the carrier, means for, rotating the v barrel and, jawcarrier and means for adjusting the gripping jaws, said means comprisingring gears rotatable relatively to the car'rier,said ring gears havingfric tion surfaces thereon, spindles connected to said gripping jawsandhavihg a bevel pinion thereon,.said pinions: meshing with the ringgears, friction bands encircling said friction surfaces, a bell crankhavingarms connected to the ends of said friction bands, and a fluidpressure cylinder having a is ton operatively engagin with the' ellcranks to tighten the ban s on the friction surfaces and thereby holdthe ring gears against rotation with the carrier.

2. A chuck comprising a rotary barrel having a jaw carrier thereon, aplurality of radially movable relatively adjustable grip-' ping aws onthe'carrier, means for rotating the barrel and jaw carrier and means'for adjusting the gripping jaws, said means comprising ring gearsrotatable relatively to the carrier, said ring gears having fr1ctionsurfaces thereon, spindles connected to said gripping jaws and having abevel pinion thereon, said pmions meshing with the friction surfaces, abell crank having arms connected tothe ends of said friction bands,

and a fluid pressure cylinder having a piston. operatively engaging withthe bell cranks to tighten one band and'release the other band on thefriction surfaces in holding the ring gears against rotation with thecarrier.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand.

DAVID HEGGIE.

Witnesses: v e

' JAS. 1-1.. Finnnmmr DAVID PINKNEI.

ring gears, friction bands encircling said

